Khi Giáng sinh đến, việc học từ vựng tiếng Anh về mùa Giáng sinh có thể không nằm trong danh sách ưu tiên của bạn. Tất cả chúng ta đều rất bận rộn hoặc mua sắm những món quà hoàn hảo hoặc dành thời gian với bạn bè gia đình. Để giúp bạn hiểu rõ hơn về truyền thống Giáng sinh, IELTS TUTOR đã đưa ra một danh sách ngắn các từ vựng tiếng Anh liên quan đến Giáng sinh dưới đây.
Ngoài ra, các bạn có thể tham khảo thêm PHÂN TÍCH ĐỀ THI THẬT TASK 1 VIẾT THƯ NGÀY 05/7/2020 IELTS WRITING GENERAL MÁY TÍNH (kèm bài được sửa của học sinh đạt 6.0 đi thi thật) mà IELTS TUTOR đã chia sẻ từ trước.
I. Kiến thức liên quan
IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn Các Ngày Lễ Trong Năm Vietnam Bằng Tiếng Anh
II. Từ vựng về giáng sinh
1. Giới thiệu chung
IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:
- Santa’s little helpers – the little elves who help Santa Claus (Father Christmas) to make and deliver the presents (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: những nhân vật giúp đỡ Santa gói và giao quà)
- Christmas Eve – the night before Christmas Day (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: đêm trước ngày giáng sinh)
- Christmas Stocking – the children hang a long, big stocking on their bed or over the fire hoping for some extra gifts (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: vớ giáng sinh)
- Letter to Santa – a wish list of presents and toys written a few weeks before Christmas and posted to the North Pole (where Santa lives!!) (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: thư giáng sinh)
- Secret Santa – in many offices there is a tradition to buy gifts for colleagues. You know the person for whom you are buying the present but they do not know who bought it. Usually the present is humorous (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: người bí mật mua và tặng quà giáng sinh)
- 12 Days of Christmas – traditionally the period of Christmas lasts for 12 days from 25th December to 6th January (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: 12 ngày giáng sinh từ 25/12 đến 6/1)
- Christmas Cracker – a decoration on the Christmas table. There is one at each place. The crackers are made of paper and have a small toy a paper hat and usually a silly joke inside. The cracker is pulled between two people. It makes a small “crack noise” when it breaks open (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: đồ trang trí trên bạn/ một dạng đồ chơi)
- Christmas Carol – traditionally Christmas Carols are sung in the lead up to Christmas. Children at school, small groups of volunteers in the street collecting for Charities and in many churches. They either have a Christmas theme (Santa) or a theme relating to the birth of Jesus (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: nhạc giáng sinh. “Carol” thường dùng để chỉ những bài hát, ban nhạc… mang tính chất vui vẻ, xuất hiện trong những ngày lễ kỉ niệm. Từ này gốc Pháp)
- Tinsel – coloured paper which glitters and shines and is used as decoration around the Christmas Tree or other furniture in the home (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: kim tuyến)
- Mistletoe – a small green bush with white berries which are used as part of the Christmas decorations. Tradition is that it is hung over a door in the home. When a girl stands under the mistletoe a young man can kiss her (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: vòng nguyệt quế trang trí/ tầm gửi “Mistletoe” là tên của loài cây tầm gửi – một vật trang trí không thể thiếu trong dịp Giáng Sinh! Tương truyền, những cặp đôi hôn nhau dưới nhánh tầm gửi vào đêm Giáng sinh sẽ có một kết thúc hạnh phúc, trọn vẹn)
- Boxing Day – the 26th of December. The day after Christmas Day. It is a national holiday in Great Britain. A day for eating the food leftover (leftovers) from Christmas Day. Historically the name comes from the name for a Christmas present (Christmas Box). Servants and labourers were given presents on the 26th December by their lords and masters - ngày mở quà (26/12)
- Christmas is upon us (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Giáng sinh đang chờ đón chúng ta!)
- Home for the holidays (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Về nhà nghỉ lễ)
2. Những từ hay gặp về Giáng Sinh
IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:
- pine tree - /paɪn triː/ - cây thông
- fireplace - /’faɪə.pleɪs/ - lò sưởi
- sled - /sled/ - xe trượt tuyết
- winter - /’wɪn.tər/ - mùa đông
- chimney - /’tʃɪm.ni/ - ống khói
- sack - /sæk/ - bao
- snow - /snəʊ/ - tuyết
- candle - /’kæn.dl̩/ - nến
- bell - /bel/ - chuông
- gift - /ɡɪft/ - quà tặng
- card - /kɑ:rd/ - thiệp
- ornament - /ˈɔːr.nə.mənt/ - đồ trang trí giáng sinh
- Christmas tree - /ˈkrɪs.məs ˌtriː/ - cây thông Giáng sinh
- Wreath - /riːθ/ - vòng hoa giáng sinh
- Scarf - /skɑːrf/ - khăn quàng cổ
- Christmas card - /ˈkrɪs.məs ˌkɑːrd/ - thiệp Giáng sinh
- Snowflake - /ˈsnoʊ.fleɪk/ - bông tuyết
- Snowman - /ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ - người tuyết
- Reindeer - /’reɪn.dɪər/ - con tuần lộc
- Angle - /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ - thiên thần
- Elf - /elf/ - chú lùn
- candy cane - /ˈkæn.di ˌkeɪn/ - kẹo hình cây gậy
- fairy lights - /ˈfer.i ˌlaɪts/ - dây đèn
- Bauble - /ˈbɔːbl/ - quả châu
- Icicle - /’aɪ.sɪ.kl̩/ - cột băng, trụ băng
- Gingerbread - /ˈdʒɪndʒərbred/ - bánh gừng
- yule log - /ˈjuːl ˌlɑːɡ/ - bánh kem hình khúc cây
- Firewood - /’faɪə.wʊd/ - củi
- Christmas - /ˈkrɪsməs/ - ngày lễ Noel
- Blizzard - /ˈblɪz.ɚd/ - trận bão tuyết
- Ribbon - /’rɪb.ən/ - ruy băng
- Sleigh - /sleɪ/ - cỗ xe kéo
- Fireplace - /ˈfaɪr.pleɪs/ - lò sưởi
- spruce - /spruːs/ - cây tùng
- Turkey - /ˈtɝː.ki/ - gà tây
- Eggnogg - /ˈeɡ.nɑːɡ/ - đồ uống truyền thống giáng sinh
- Nativity play - vở kịch về sự ra đời của chúa
3. Thành ngữ tiếng anh về Giáng Sinh
Bah Humbug
one of the great quotes from the Charles Dickens story “A Christmas Carol”. This is used by people who do not feel the joy of Christmas that others feel. - những người không cảm nhận niềm vui Noel
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Merry Christmas Sir! Bah Humbug..go away!!
Cut someone to ribbons
to judge or criticise someone or something harshly - chỉ trích ai đó
Don’t Look a Gift horse in the mouth
this is used when somebody gets a gift or something for free even though they might not find it so useful. They are expected to be grateful. - biết ơn khi nhận được quà dù nó không cần thiết
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Michael got a pair of gloves from his Aunt for Xmas. He was hoping to get some money. His mother told him to be more grateful and not to look a gift horse in the mouth.
The More the Merrier
usually an expression when more people turn up to your party than you expected or some unexpected visitors turn up for your family dinner. - giống câu càng đông càng vui
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
– Do you mind if a few friends come around for dinner? – My daughter asked.
– No not at all I replied. The more the merrier.
Like Turkeys voting for Xmas
Turkeys are the favourite choice of food for the Christmas dinner - when people accept something without putting up any resistance even though they know the outcome will be bad - chấp nhận dù kết quả không tốt
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company wanted to reduce the salaries by 10% as they were having a difficult trading period. They wanted the staff to agree. They all did even though they know it was like “turkeys voting for Xmas”. Worse was to follow.
As it only happens once a year we should treat people less fortunate than us a bit better in the Christmas season - chỉ có 1 lần trong năm
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Jane went to the charity shop and made a large donation of cash for the homeless people. After all Christmas only comes once a year.
When a person threatens to cancel someone’s Christmas, it means he/she wants to kill or destroy someone (not literally, of course!) as the dead person will miss Christmas - giết hoặc phá hoại ai đó (không thật/ có thể là câu bông đùa)
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: If Sam keeps bugging me, I’m going to cancel his Christmas this year.
To experience an event of extreme good luck or happiness, something happened that you were dreaming about. (tất cả mọi niềm vui đến 1 lúc)
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Last week I received an amazing job offer and yesterday my boyfriend proposed to me! It feels like all my Christmases have come together.
Something had a dramatic effect on someone’s mood. Some event or situation made someone very happy - sự kiện khiến ai đó vui mừng
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Sarah saw a box of chocolates on her desk, and she lit up like a Christmas tree.
Enjoy yourselves with good food and drink - tận hưởng với những món ăn/ đồ uống ngon
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Welcome to our party! Eat, drink and be merry.
to add decorations to the Christmas tree like ornaments, ribbons, baubles, or lace - trang trí cây thông
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: It was a longterm tradition for the whole family to trim the tree together.
a gift exchange in which people bring unwanted items - trò đổi quà nhưng quà nhận được không mong muốn
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
– Where did you get that ugly vase?
– Oh, I got it at a white elephant at work.
A variety of sausage-based foods in the UK, USA and Ireland. In the USA pigs in blankets are small sausages wrapped in croissant rolls - xúc xích được quấn xung quanh bằng thịt bacon
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: In the UK the ‘blanket’ is bacon. Pigs in blankets are a perfect accompaniment to the traditional Christmas dinner.
Someone gets a welcome surprise they were not expecting - niềm vui đến sớm
IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Jonathan got a letter from his boss on the 1st December telling him that he had been promoted and was to receive a bonus. Indeed Christmas had come early for him.
4. Đoạn văn tiếng anh về Giáng Sinh
4.1 Đoạn văn số 1
The traditional English Christmas is beginning to change as society changes. We all hold on to (try to remember) our family traditions for as long as we can. They usually bring back happy memories of times past and so it is with my memories of a traditional English Christmas.
When the tree is decorated the Angel (dressed in white) is usually placed on the top branch to look down on the family as a sign of peace and to remind us what Christmas should be about. We always sent Christmas cards (greetings) to family and friends every year. We wrote the cards a few weeks before Xmas so that they would arrive in time. Every mantlepiece (shelf above the fireplace) was adorned (decorated) with the cards we received also. This tradition has died out (almost disappeared) due to technology so greetings now are usually sent on-line.
In the month of December the Christmas Shopping starts in earnest (seriously). Depending on the size of the family and the ages the presents will vary a lot. The children will have prepared their “Santa list” (the list of gifts they want) weeks in advance. Traditionally we used to write a letter to Santa and throw it up the chimney (the long pipe above the fireplace to let the smoke escape).
Nowadays(in modern times) the letter is posted to Santa at the North Pole. Those presents that will not be delivered by Santa are carefully wrapped (covered in coloured wrapping paper) and placed under the tree. Some people pick up the presents marked for them and try to guess what is inside. As we get closer to the Big Day (Christmas Day, the 25th December) the Christmas stockings are hung on the fireplace. There are always little surprises to be found there on Christmas morning.
Finally on Christmas Eve (the night before Christmas day – 24 th December) a plate of food for Santa and his Reindeers is left beside the tree. A mince pie for Santa and carrots or biscuits for the Reindeer. Many parents sneak down (move slowly and quietly) the stairs on Christmas Eve to eat some of the pie and biscuits so that the children really believe Santa has come.
On Christmas morning the children get up early (awake early) to see if their wishes have come true and the tearing and rustling of wrapping paper is very audible (can be heard). The Turkey is put in the oven and the parents settle to the task (get ready) of preparing the Christmas dinner. This is the focus of the day. A traditional Xmas dinner is usually Roast Turkey and all the trimmings (roast potatoes, roast veg, cranberry sauce, Christmas pudding and cake) all cooked to a traditional family recipe.
The table is beautifully decorated and paper hats (coloured hats) and crackers (paper tube that contains a small toy and a joke and makes a small “bang” when pulled between two people) beside every plate. The plan is to finish the dinner before or in time to listen to the Queens Christmas address (televised speech) to the country.
4.2 Đoạn văn thứ 2
The end of the year is approaching quickly and December is typically the month for the annual Christmas bash (party). Here are some English words and phrases connected with this very British tradition. This party can be a tame affair (quiet party) where the office is small or the people are of a certain age (middle aged) or a real knees up (lots of singing and dancing) where the office is larger and the age range among the staff is quite varied.
Some people love them and others hate them. Those who have been working for many years tend to know what to expect and think “oh, here we go again !” (not so happy it is that time of the year) and the younger and newer staff members see it as an opportunity to meet their colleagues in a more informal setting and let their hair down (get in the party mood).
There are always two types of people; the party poopers (those who never attend) and the party animal (who never needs an excuse for a party). You need the party animals to get everything started and these are usually the “life and soul of the party”, first up to dance first to sing and first to get drunk. Getting drunk is not obligatory but usually happens quite regularly and if controlled why not, after all it is Christmas!
The party may be in the office so the bosses bring in outside caterers to provide the food and drink. This is usually finger food (small bites to eat). The alternative is to go to a local hotel or other venue for the revelry (the fun and enjoyment). Here the catering may be a sit down meal (tables and chairs and waiter service). The conversation is usually loud the music even louder and the beer flowing if it is a free bar (company paying for all the drinks).
The problems usually occur the “morning after” (the next morning). People trying to remember who they spoke to last, what did they say in the hope they did not put their foot in it (insult someone or say something they should not have said). Some need “the hair of dog” (a drink of alcohol supposed to cure the hangover they undoubtedly have). Others are laughing at the funny photo’s now in circulation on the mobile phones.
Well, wherever you go and what ever you do enjoy it and enter into the Christmas Spirit (enjoy it).
5. Lời chúc Giáng Sinh
5.1 Lời chúc dành cho gia đình
“So glad we’re family and so grateful for all the great Christmas memories we share.”: Thật vui vì chúng ta là gia đình và thật biết ơn vì tất cả những kỉ niệm đẹp ta đã có với nhau vào ngày Giáng Sinh.
“For me, the holidays start when we get together. Looking forward to talking and catching up soon!”: Với con, ngày lễ bắt đầu khi chúng ta bên nhau. Thật mong chờ để được trò chuyện và nghe được tin tức từ mọi người.
“You’re someone who helps me remember the true reason for the season, and I’m so grateful for you.”: Ba/ mẹ là người giúp con nhớ được ý nghĩa thực sự của mùa Giáng Sinh này, và con thật sự rất biết ơn.
5.2 Lời chúc dành cho bạn bè
“Peace and joy to you and yours this Christmas season.”: Chúc bạn và người thân có một mùa Giáng Sinh an lành và nhiều niềm vui.
“Praying you have a wonderful Christmas filled with moments you’ll always remember.”: Mong rằng bạn có một lễ Giáng Sinh trọn vẹn với những khoảnh khắc đáng nhớ.
“So grateful to have a friend like you at Christmas and all year long.”: Thật biết ơn khi có một người bạn như bạn vào dịp lễ Giáng Sinh và suốt một năm.
5.3 Lời chúc dành cho đối tác, đồng nghiệp, cấp trên
“It’s a pleasure to work with you and a joy to wish you a merry Christmas!”: Được làm việc với bạn là một vinh hạnh và là niềm vui khi được chúc bạn có một lễ Giáng Sinh an lành.
“You make work a lot less like work and more like a caring community. Merry Christmas, with thanks for all you do!”: Bạn khiến cho công việc không còn giống như công việc mà giống như một cộng đồng gắn bó. Chúc bạn Giáng Sinh an lành với lời cảm ơn vì tất cả.
“Hoping that the new year brings you new opportunities and new possibilities.”: hi vọng rằng năm mới sẽ mang đến cho bạn nhiều cơ hội.
5.4 Lời chúc dành cho người yêu
“Your love is the best gift I could have asked for! Merry Christmas honey/sweetheart/ or (their name)!”: Tình yêu của em là món quà quý giá nhất mà anh ước mình có được. Chúc em Giáng Sinh an lành!
“This year I have the best gift ever. I have you! Merry Christmas!”: Năm mới này anh có một món quà quý giá nhất. Anh có em. Chúc em Giáng Sinh an lành!
“We met, we fought, we conquered, We are stronger for all the challenges we faced getting here. May our love grow stronger the more Christmas seasons we spend together.”: Chúng ta gặp nhau, chúng ta xung đột, chúng ta chinh phục, chúng ta mạnh mẽ hơn qua mỗi thử thách mà chúng ta gặp. Mong rằng tình yêu của chúng ta sẽ bền chặt hơn qua mỗi mùa Giáng Sinh mà chúng ta có nhau.
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