PHÂN BIỆT "ABILITY,POSSIBILITY, CAPABILITY & CAPACITY"

Tuần trước, IELTS TUTOR giới thiệu đến các em từng bước check lại bài 5 phút trong phòng thi IELTS WRITING và & HƯỚNG DẪN TỪNG BƯỚC CÁCH LÀM BÀI TẬP MẪU IELTS READING DẠNG FILL IN THE GAP, có nhiều bạn vẫn chưa nắm được sự khác nhau của những từ thường gây nhầm lẫn. IELTS TUTOR sẽ cố gắng hướng dẫn các em phân biệt các dễ nhầm lẫn như Ability, Possibility và Capacity nhé!

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• There's no doubting her ability. 
• Tiredness can seriously impair your ability to drive.
• She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely. 
• She's a woman of considerable abilities (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: một phụ nữ rất thông minh)
• I have children in my class of very mixed abilities (= different levels of skill or intelligence) = a mixed-ability class
• He had no doubts about his team's ability to reach the World Cup finals. 
• Computer literacy is now as essential as the ability to drive a car. 
• Organizational ability is essential in a good manager. 
• Gladstone was a politician of great ability.
• he has the ability to do the work (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: anh ta có khả năng làm việc này)
• Man's ability to talk makes him unlike any other animal. 
• All the children are taught together in one class, regardless of their ability.
• They should not be taking in somebody they don't have the ability to care for. 
• Her teammates respect her abilities.
• professional ability (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: năng lực chuyên môn; năng lực nghiệp vụ)

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• The stadium has a seating capacity of 50,000. 
• The game was watched by a capacity crowd/audience of 50,000 (= the place was completely full). 
• The generators each have a capacity of (= can produce) 1,000 kilowatts. 
• The larger cars have bigger capacity engines (= the engines are bigger and more powerful). 
• All our factories are working at (full) capacity (= are producing goods as fast as possible). 
• We are running below capacity (= not producing as many goods as we are able to) because of cancelled orders.
• The last five years have seen a huge increase in the country's export capacity. 
• The company has expanded its premises with a new 10,000 sq ft factory and plans to double capacity. 
• They are trying to operate beyond the capacity of the airport.
• There are plans to increase the capacity of the stadium. 
• The fuel tanks have a capacity of 25,000 litres. 
• a theatre with a seating capacity of 800 
• The game is set to attract a capacity crowd of 42,000.

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• factories working at full capacity (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: các nhà máy hoạt động hết công suất)
• New machinery could increase our production capacity by 25 per cent. 
• The plant has a capacity of 120,000 tonnes per annum. 
• The present rail network has plenty of spare capacity. 
• The factory is now operating at full capacity.

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• A child might be born to with the capacity to become a chef, but the ability to cook must be learned. (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Đứa trẻ có thể được sinh ra với khả năng là trở thành một đầu bếp, nhưng khả năng nấu ăn phải được học)

• She has a great capacity for hard work. 
• It seems to be beyond his capacity to follow simple instructions.
•  Do you think it's within his capacity to do the job without making a mess of it?
• she has an enormous capacity for hard work (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: cô ta rất có khả năng làm những việc khó nhọc)
•  He suffered a stroke in 2008, which left him unable to speak, but his mental capacity wasn't affected.
• Her poor health limits her earning capacity. 
• They are worried about their capacity to invest for the future. 
• Harry had a tremendous capacity for work.
• this book is within the capacity of young readers (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: cuốn sách này các bạn đọc trẻ tuổi có thể hiểu được)

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• It's not likely to happen but I wouldn't rule out the possibility. 
• The forecast said that there's a possibility of snow tonight. 
• There's a distinct possibility (that) I'll be asked to give a speech. 
• Is there any possibility (that) you could pick me up from the station?

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• These tests are beyond the capability of an average twelve-year-old
• With the new machines we finally have the capability (= power) to do the job properly.
• Several countries are trying to develop a nuclear capability.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Capability  = ability  nhưng capability  formal hơn (Capacity is a more formal word than ability)
• Ability thể hiện ai đó có khả năng làm gì  tốt (You often use ability to say that someone can do something well)
  • IELTS  TUTOR  xét  ví  dụ:
    • He had remarkable ability as a musician. 
    • ...the ability to bear hardship.
• Capability  thể  hiện  khối  lượng & chất  lượng  công việc một người làm được  (A person's capability is the amount of work they can do and how well they can do it. ...)
  • IELTS  TUTOR  xét  ví  dụ:
    • a job that was beyond the capability of one man.
    •  ...the director's ideas of the capability of the actor.
• Capability  thể  hiện người  nào đó hoàn toàn đủ yếu tố để làm gì (If someone has a particular capacity, a capacity for something, or a capacity to do something, they have the qualities required to do it)
  •  IELTS  TUTOR  xét  ví  dụ:
    • ...their capacity for hard work. ...his capacity to see the other person's point of view.

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